Refrigerators often remain useful for a decade or more and many peripheral failures are repairable. The main downside is that compressor or sealed-system work can become uneconomic late in life.
What commonly determines lifespan
Fans, defrost system, sensors, seals, relays, ice/water parts, compressor/sealed system
This profile is an editorial summary of sourced lifespan context, common service points, maintenance leverage and repairability. See the linked methodology and primary reference before treating any range as a guarantee.